This is the PDF eBook version for Prevention and Control of Infections in Hospitals – Practice and Theory by Bjørg Marit Andersen

• Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI), registering and prevalence
• Microbes and ways of transmission
• Antimicrobials and resistance
• Tracing and prevention of infections
• Prevention of infections in Healthcare workers (HCW)
o Use of uniform
o Vaccination and Control
o HCW with infections/carrier state.
o Pregnant HCW’s
o Tuberculosis
o Exposure to blood/tissue by accident (HIV, Hepatitis etc)
• Hand hygiene and the use of gloves
• Protection of Airways
• Isolation to protect against microbial transmission
o General information
o Contact isolation
o Protection against transmission of bloodborne agents
o Airborne infections- isolation
o High-risk, strict isolation
o Protective isolation
• Care of patients; patient hygiene, mouth hygiene, treatment of wounds etc .
• Protection against airborne infections; ventilator equipments: use, cleaning and disinfection; ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) etc.
• Prevention of postoperative wound infections
• Surgical hand disinfection
• Operation department- prevention of infections.
• Treatment of operation wounds and drains
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Hemodialysis
• Catheter-associated, bloodborne infections
• Prevention of urinary tract infections
• Protection of premature and newborne against infections
• Intensive patient treatment – prevention of infections
• Cystic fibrosis – infections and preventive measures
• Important patient information before admission
• Import infections, unknown infection – preventive measures
• HCW exposed for infections
• Preventing transmission in healthcare institutions of
o MRSA – methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
o VRE – vancomycin-resistant enterococci
o Multiple resistant Gramnegative rods
o Gastrointestinal infections
o Clostridium difficile
o Noro virus and other intestinal pathogenic virus
o Prion disease
o Tuberculosis
o Scabies

• Disinfection of instruments and equipment
• Disinfection of endoscopes and other special equipment
• Sterilization
• Medicine room; hygiene and infection control
• Cleaning of patient rooms and departments
• Disinfection of rooms and areas
• Textiles; wash, control, transport and store
• Patient beds; wash, control, transport and store
• Human-biological waste; treatment, storing cleaning, control
• Ambulances in acute medicine and other transport of patients
• Food and other nourishment; service, dishwashing and control of hygiene• Water and water systems in hospitals
• Technical and medical-technical equipment – infection control
• Laboratory medicine – infection control
• Building, arrange and establish on wards/departments:
o Kitchen on wards
o Disinfection room
o Hospital departments/new hospitals
• Intern hygiene control – check list

• Dangerous microbes – preparedness in hospitals
o Leadership/-group
o Sceneries
o Capacity; isolates, equipment, HCW, specialists, use of PPE etc
o Communication, triage, patient logistic
o VHF- viral hemorrhagic fever and other serious illnesses
o Preparedness for biological weapons
o Dangerous infection combined with dangerous chemicals

• Resources for infection control work in hospitals